1 00:00:09,710 --> 00:00:13,650 Let us start with IP address in computer networks. 2 00:00:15,070 --> 00:00:22,050 In this lecture, we'll see what is an IP address, it's notation and types of IP address. 3 00:00:23,200 --> 00:00:30,540 So you might have heard this term interchangeably when someone you talk with, a technical person that 4 00:00:30,910 --> 00:00:32,860 he says, tell me your IP address. 5 00:00:33,100 --> 00:00:35,710 So what is an IP address? 6 00:00:37,070 --> 00:00:43,270 An IP address works in an IP network, just like a postal address works in the postal system. 7 00:00:44,250 --> 00:00:50,310 A postal address is the combination of two addresses area address and house address. 8 00:00:51,210 --> 00:00:58,230 Area address is the group of addresses of all houses which belong to a particular area and whose address 9 00:00:58,230 --> 00:01:01,450 is a unique address of a specific house in that area. 10 00:01:02,580 --> 00:01:07,320 Each area is represented by a unique PIN code number in the postal system. 11 00:01:07,470 --> 00:01:15,180 Great PIN code host in fast processing of a meal in a central post office where thousands or in some 12 00:01:15,180 --> 00:01:19,050 cases millions of meals are received, forwarded and delivered. 13 00:01:19,050 --> 00:01:24,420 Daily Processing Mail based on complete address is next to impossible. 14 00:01:25,930 --> 00:01:27,890 So consider a busy post office. 15 00:01:28,090 --> 00:01:33,670 The clock does not give the complete address of the package to make his decision, he only pays attention 16 00:01:33,670 --> 00:01:34,390 to the pinnacle. 17 00:01:35,380 --> 00:01:41,560 He reads the PIN code and drops the package in the container, which will be forwarded to the nearest 18 00:01:41,560 --> 00:01:50,050 post office of that area in the same process is followed at the next post office and so on and so on 19 00:01:50,350 --> 00:01:56,070 until the package reaches the post office, which delivers packages in the destination area. 20 00:01:57,110 --> 00:02:01,580 At the last, the recipient's house address is used to deliver the package. 21 00:02:02,930 --> 00:02:09,860 So I hope you understand this example and this exact mechanism is used in IP networks. 22 00:02:10,400 --> 00:02:19,400 So an IP address or simply IP is a unique address that identifies a device on the Internet or on local 23 00:02:19,400 --> 00:02:19,890 network. 24 00:02:20,570 --> 00:02:27,920 It allows a system to be recognized by other systems connected via the Internet protocol, just like 25 00:02:27,920 --> 00:02:35,150 the PIN code network address helps in fast processing of the packets in the IP network, routers do 26 00:02:35,150 --> 00:02:38,570 exactly what post offices do in the postal system. 27 00:02:39,890 --> 00:02:46,370 Routers use a network address to find the destination network and host address to deliver the packets. 28 00:02:48,900 --> 00:02:57,150 So let us see an example of IP address, as you can see, many of the people who are, you know, using 29 00:02:57,150 --> 00:03:01,260 computers or mobile devices do not even know what is an IP address. 30 00:03:01,920 --> 00:03:07,620 If you tell them and a number, they just they are just confused whether this is an IP address or not. 31 00:03:09,080 --> 00:03:14,340 So as I said in the previous lecture, there are two types of IP addresses. 32 00:03:14,480 --> 00:03:19,040 The first one is the IP forwarding and the second one is IP. 33 00:03:19,040 --> 00:03:25,970 This explosion, IP v4 version was first used by ARPANET in 1983. 34 00:03:26,720 --> 00:03:33,280 It consists of four set of numbers from zero to 225, separated by three dots. 35 00:03:34,250 --> 00:03:42,020 So when you visit all the random website www.youtube.com in your Web browser on Netflix, the system 36 00:03:42,020 --> 00:03:46,580 automatically translates the domain name Netflix dot com. 37 00:03:46,940 --> 00:03:54,770 The IP address one zero seven one to zero point one seventy five 192 for that respective region. 38 00:03:55,730 --> 00:04:04,010 The range of IP address is from zero point zero point zero point zero two two fifty five point fifty 39 00:04:04,010 --> 00:04:06,010 five point fifty five point fifty five. 40 00:04:06,800 --> 00:04:07,370 Now what? 41 00:04:07,370 --> 00:04:09,180 It's 224 255. 42 00:04:10,100 --> 00:04:16,750 There are eight bits and the maximum value of eight bit is 256 to the power. 43 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:26,930 It therefore 256 different values are available in single octet, which means zero to 255. 44 00:04:28,010 --> 00:04:32,600 Obviously IP address is less secure than IPV six. 45 00:04:34,550 --> 00:04:43,460 As you can see in the picture, 172 point sixteen point two, fifty four point one is the IP address, 46 00:04:44,360 --> 00:04:51,550 172 is then represented in binary, 16 is then represented in binary and so on. 47 00:04:52,400 --> 00:04:55,970 So that update of eight bits is one byte. 48 00:04:56,360 --> 00:05:05,630 And therefore, since there are four different numbers, 172, 16, 254 and one, there are 32 bits, 49 00:05:05,630 --> 00:05:07,730 which is it into four bits. 50 00:05:07,730 --> 00:05:10,880 Therefore there are 32 bits IPV to address. 51 00:05:11,510 --> 00:05:16,910 This notation of IP address is known as DOT decimal notation. 52 00:05:19,180 --> 00:05:27,670 Now, what does an IP address, the Virgin six of IP address is the most recent Virgin, which was initiated 53 00:05:27,670 --> 00:05:28,820 in 1994. 54 00:05:29,410 --> 00:05:35,620 It contains eight sets of four hexadecimal digits and uses Colon's to separate each block. 55 00:05:36,130 --> 00:05:42,460 So in the image you can see they're two zero zero one colon debate. 56 00:05:42,850 --> 00:05:48,550 Colon one, two, three four, colon one five to see colon and so on. 57 00:05:49,510 --> 00:05:56,820 Therefore, number of possible IP addresses are three point four into 10 to the power 38. 58 00:05:57,310 --> 00:05:58,750 That's a huge number. 59 00:05:59,140 --> 00:06:04,840 And obviously IP address is more secure then IP address. 60 00:06:06,940 --> 00:06:09,310 So let us have a quick recap. 61 00:06:10,270 --> 00:06:16,780 I hope you understood the example of IP address that I just demonstrated using the PIN code in the area, 62 00:06:17,530 --> 00:06:22,630 then we saw what our IP address types of IP addresses before and V six. 63 00:06:23,320 --> 00:06:31,390 And finally we saw in detail what does it mean by version four and and six and the differences between 64 00:06:31,390 --> 00:06:31,660 them. 65 00:06:33,870 --> 00:06:39,180 In the next lecture, we will talk in detail about different classes of IP address.